{"id":7849,"date":"2026-02-03T12:40:46","date_gmt":"2026-02-03T15:40:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vientosur.unla.edu.ar\/?p=7849"},"modified":"2026-03-06T12:27:48","modified_gmt":"2026-03-06T15:27:48","slug":"martin-castro-el-payador-libertario","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vientosur.unla.edu.ar\/index.php\/martin-castro-el-payador-libertario\/","title":{"rendered":"Mart\u00edn Castro, el payador libertario"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En el sombr\u00edo laberinto de la Argentina vasalla de las primeras d\u00e9cadas del siglo anterior, bajo un clima marcado por la injusticia social y la sangre obrera en las calles de Buenos Aires, un payador libertario (anarquista, en el diccionario pol\u00edtico de entonces), recupera la tradici\u00f3n hernandiana para su grito de protesta gaucha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Este payador se llam\u00f3 Mart\u00edn Castro. Sus libros hoy son piezas pr\u00e1cticamente inhallables, en los estantes de las librer\u00edas desbordadas de obras de extranjeros colonizantes y de argentinos colonizados.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En esta nota rescataremos del olvido su libro de versos <em>Los gringos del pa\u00eds<\/em>, que data de octubre de 1928. En el mismo, Castro nos presenta un contrapunto imaginario entre dos payadores: el Matrero, rebelde y de ideales anarquistas, y Juan Estao, gaucho que expone la voz oficial del r\u00e9gimen olig\u00e1rquico. En el duelo entre ambos se expresan visiones contrapuestas acerca de la ley, la Patria, la guerra, la pol\u00edtica y la religi\u00f3n, t\u00f3picos que iremos recorriendo en lo sucesivo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El Matrero abre el juego al exponer su visi\u00f3n anarquista, que concibe a la propiedad privada como una apropiaci\u00f3n espuria que atenta contra las leyes de la naturaleza.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>En la vida universal<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>No hay nada que sea ajeno:<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>El animal, el terreno,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>La pradera, el llano, el yuyo;<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>No hay nada m\u00edo ni suyo,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Todo es del malo y del g\u00fceno.<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>(\u2026)<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>El hombre no es el creador,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>El hombre es intermediario;<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>No puede ser propietario<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>De lo que es ley natural;<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Porque el hombre es temporal<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Y el terru\u00f1o milenario.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"448\" height=\"670\" src=\"https:\/\/vientosur.unla.edu.ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/26.1.castro.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7852\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vientosur.unla.edu.ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/26.1.castro.jpg 448w, https:\/\/vientosur.unla.edu.ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/26.1.castro-201x300.jpg 201w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 448px) 100vw, 448px\" \/><figcaption><sup>Mart\u00edn Castro<\/sup><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El gaucho Juan Estao se aparta de esta visi\u00f3n y acusa al Matrero de vivir al margen de la ley, sin respetar el orden necesario para la adecuada existencia de los hombres. En tanto el Matrero repudia a los gobiernos conservadores, Juan Estao opina:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Y si es malo su pastor,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Y le conoce el enga\u00f1o,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Entre y luche en el reba\u00f1o<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Pa que mande otro mejor,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Busque su gobernador<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Que lo sepa dirigir;<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Con esconderse, con juir<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>No se reforma el embrollo;<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Hay que allanar el escollo.<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>O resignarse a sufrir.<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Porque las leyes se han hecho<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Pa resguardo de la grey;<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Todo principio de ley<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Es la base del derecho,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Que bajo de cualquier techo<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Alcanza su protecci\u00f3n,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Su espiritual comprensi\u00f3n<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Al pie de cada habitante,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Est\u00e1 como vigilante<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Para aplicar su sanci\u00f3n.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El gaucho Matrero, por su parte, concibe a la ley como el ropaje jur\u00eddico consagrado a resguardar el orden dominante, siempre al servicio del opresor y con el fin de encadenar a los oprimidos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>La ley es una madeja<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Lo grito a todo carrillo;<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Envuelve al hombre sencillo<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Como mosca en el talar,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Mientras m\u00e1s quiere arisquear<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>M\u00e1s se enrieda en el ovillo.<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>(\u2026)<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Porque a la ley no la han hecho<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Pa respeto general;<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>La hace el que tiene metal<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Pa que le cuide el bolsillo,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Como quien lleva un cuchillo<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Pa resguardo personal.<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tambi\u00e9n opuestas son sus miradas acerca de la Patria. En tanto Juan Estao asume una concepci\u00f3n territorialista de la Patria, entendi\u00e9ndola como la tierra de los padres, el Matrero la concibe como un sentimiento querido en lo profundo del ser, pero no limitado al suelo natal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Al respecto, Juan Estao sostiene:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Yo soy patriota argentino<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Aunque muy a pesar suyo<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Que contempla con orgullo<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Del criollo noble y genuino,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Todo el glorioso destino<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>De la patria en que nac\u00ed.<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Patria la que yo aprend\u00ed<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>A balbucear desde ni\u00f1o,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>A los besos de cari\u00f1o<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Que de mis padres sent\u00ed.<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El gaucho Matrero no reduce la Patria al pago natal, y toma como ejemplo el sentir argentino que brot\u00f3 en el coraz\u00f3n de los inmigrantes europeos que arribaron a estas playas en las \u00faltimas d\u00e9cadas del siglo XIX y primeras del XX.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"384\" height=\"570\" src=\"https:\/\/vientosur.unla.edu.ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/26.2.libro_.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7853\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vientosur.unla.edu.ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/26.2.libro_.jpg 384w, https:\/\/vientosur.unla.edu.ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/26.2.libro_-202x300.jpg 202w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 384px) 100vw, 384px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>El gringo siente el terru\u00f1o<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Porque en \u00e9l ha trabajao;<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Porque en \u00e9l se ha acostumbrao<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Al amor y a la vigilia.<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Y all\u00ed form\u00f3 la familia<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Como el gaucho m\u00e1s pintao.<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El contrapunto en torno a la Patria, conduce a ambos payadores a exponer sus ideas en torno a la expresi\u00f3n extrema en que el patriotismo se manifiesta: la idea de guerra. En tanto Juan Estao abraza el militarismo como una forma de disuadir las pretensiones expansionistas de otras naciones, el Matrero considera que la guerra consume la sangre de los trabajadores y el armamentismo en modo alguno puede ser la base sobre la que repose la paz entre los pueblos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Compartamos el razonamiento del primero:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Las armas son de rigor,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Si es posible con ventaja;<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Pues con las armas se ataja<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Las furias del agresor,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Porque le infunden temor<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Al que nos quiere atacar<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Nos sirven para cortar<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>La soberbia del furente,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Como corta la corriente<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>El filo de un tajamar.<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En la visi\u00f3n del Matrero se aprecia la influencia del pensamiento de Juan Bautista Alberdi, quien considera a la guerra como un crimen y afirma que el h\u00e9roe del mundo moderno ya no es el guerrero sino el industrial productor de riquezas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>El progreso de la raza<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Es la pluma y el arao,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>El hombre civilizao<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Nos da un ejemplo en la vida,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>El soldado, da una herida<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>La barbarie es el soldado.<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>(\u2026)<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Siempre ju\u00e9, la paz armada<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>El crimen premeditao,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>El delito agazapao,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Para asaltar a cualquiera;<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Como el malhechor espera<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Con el trabuco empu\u00f1ao.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El duelo entre ambos criollos prosigue con su caracterizaci\u00f3n de la pol\u00edtica. Juan Estao elogia la democracia formal, en la cual la soberan\u00eda popular encuentra su limitaci\u00f3n en el Colegio Electoral. De esta forma, los rumbos pol\u00edticos del pa\u00eds son adecuadamente encauzados por los hombres notables del r\u00e9gimen, dotados de plena capacidad para ejercer su soberan\u00eda, a diferencia del pueblo trabajador embrutecido.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Comenta Juan Estao sobre ello:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Pues tienen los electores<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>El tiempo de discernir,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>La libertad de elegir<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Los buenos legisladores.<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>De calcular los valores<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Del obrero y del dotor,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Puede dir el votador<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Como pisando escalones;<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Y andar por las elecciones<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Hasta el plano superior.<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>(\u2026)<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Esos hombres del Congreso<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Que Ud. mira con desd\u00e9n,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Son los obreros del bien<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Caballeros del progreso<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Los que estudian el proceso<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>De la vida en general;<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>La grandeza espiritual<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>De la gente millonaria,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Llega hasta el redil del paria<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Para aliviarles el mal.<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lejos de concebir a la pol\u00edtica como el gobierno de los mejores, el gaucho Matrero deplora al r\u00e9gimen olig\u00e1rquico fraudulento, en el que \u201cvotan los muertos y mueren los votantes\u201d. En su visi\u00f3n, que es la visi\u00f3n de Mart\u00edn Castro, la democracia es una mera formalidad institucional para legalizar el saqueo de las riquezas del pa\u00eds y esclavizar a la clase obrera.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El Matrero denuncia:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Decir se\u00f1or diputao<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Como se\u00f1or senador;<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Es, pues, decirle se\u00f1or<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Al fraude y a la artima\u00f1a,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Se\u00f1or mentira, don ma\u00f1a<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Don chisme, se\u00f1or traidor.<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>(\u2026)<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>La elecci\u00f3n es ilegal,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Porque en d\u00eda de elecci\u00f3n,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Vota el voto de extorsi\u00f3n<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Descienden hasta el comicio;<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>La delincuencia y el vicio<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>El fraude y la sumisi\u00f3n.<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"410\" height=\"558\" src=\"https:\/\/vientosur.unla.edu.ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/26.3.libro_.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7854\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vientosur.unla.edu.ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/26.3.libro_.jpg 410w, https:\/\/vientosur.unla.edu.ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/26.3.libro_-220x300.jpg 220w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 410px) 100vw, 410px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Las miradas contrapuestas acerca de la religi\u00f3n marcan el final del duelo entre los payadores. Comencemos con la apreciaci\u00f3n de Juan Estao:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Desde el principio del mundo<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>El hombre ju\u00e9 gobernao,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Dios tambi\u00e9n es un Estao<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Siendo un misterio profundo<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Al g\u00fceno y al iracundo<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Los vigila el hacedor<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>De los malos con dolor<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Castiga la rebeld\u00eda,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Y a los g\u00fcenos de alegr\u00eda<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Les cubre el alrededor.<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El Matrero entiende a la religi\u00f3n como un medio para oprimir las conciencias de los hombres, generando la mansedumbre ante las injusticias que padece el hombre en la Tierra, apagando su esp\u00edritu de rebeli\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Que traiga el Papa de Roma<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Los papeles donde afirma,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Que Dios le puso la firma<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Cuando le entreg\u00f3 el poder;<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Porque naides quiere creer<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Lo que en su credo confirma.<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>(\u2026)<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Si existe un robo en la vida,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>En forma incondicional,<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Es el robo espiritual<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Que inventa la religi\u00f3n;<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Que arranca en la confesi\u00f3n<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>De lo \u00edntimo del mortal.<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El duelo entre ambos criollos concluye con los aplausos de la paisanada a los argumentos del Matrero y el silencio de un Juan Estao que ya no puede ocultar su derrota.&nbsp; A partir de all\u00ed, Estao decide hacer astillas su guitarra en la falda de una sierra, jur\u00e1ndose no volver a templar el instrumento.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En el poema de Mart\u00edn Castro, el payador rebelde ha doblegado al payador oficialista, tal vez como un \u00edntimo anhelo del autor de ver redimido al pueblo criollo, subyugado como en los tiempos de Mart\u00edn Fierro. La protesta gaucha de Jos\u00e9 Hern\u00e1ndez encuentra en Mart\u00edn Castro la prolongaci\u00f3n de la tradici\u00f3n campera para cantar los males de un pa\u00eds en derrota. Muchos de sus versos gozan de una dolorosa actualidad.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En el sombr\u00edo laberinto de la Argentina vasalla de las primeras d\u00e9cadas del siglo anterior, bajo un clima marcado por la injusticia social y la sangre obrera en las calles de Buenos Aires, un payador libertario (anarquista, en el diccionario pol\u00edtico de entonces), recupera la tradici\u00f3n hernandiana para su grito de protesta gaucha. Este payador [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":7850,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[155,4],"tags":[],"coauthors":[99],"class_list":["post-7849","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-destacados","category-pensamiento-nacional-latinoamericano"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Mart\u00edn Castro, el payador libertario - Viento Sur<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/vientosur.unla.edu.ar\/index.php\/martin-castro-el-payador-libertario\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mart\u00edn Castro, el payador libertario - Viento Sur\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"En el sombr\u00edo laberinto de la Argentina vasalla de las primeras d\u00e9cadas del siglo anterior, bajo un clima marcado por la injusticia social y la sangre obrera en las calles de Buenos Aires, un payador libertario (anarquista, en el diccionario pol\u00edtico de entonces), recupera la tradici\u00f3n hernandiana para su grito de protesta gaucha. 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